Kenneth H. Brown, M.D.

Research Interests

Dr. Brown conducts research on the epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of childhood malnutrition in lower-income countries, including evaluation of large-scale intervention programs. Research themes include infant and young child feeding (breast feeding and complementary feeding), relationships between infection and nutrition, and control of specific micronutrient deficiencies, with particular focus on vitamin A, zinc, and iron.

Dr. Brown is currently a Senior Fellow at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and he has previously served  as the Africa Regional Advisor for Nutrition and Child Survival for Helen Keller International, where he was involved in the design and evaluation of large-scale nutrition intervention programs.

Dr. Brown has also participated in a number of expert advisory committees, professional societies, and editorial boards of nutrition journals. He is currently a member of the International Zinc Consultative Group, a former member of the Committee on International Nutrition of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and Past President of the Society for International Nutrition Research. He has received the Prince Mahidol Award, International Award for Modern Nutrition, the Kellogg International Nutrition Research Prize, the E.B. McCollum Award of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, the UC Davis Distinguished Scholarly Public Service Award, and he has been named as a Fellow of the American Society of Nutrition.

Publications (from a total of more than 400 peer-reviewed publications)

Anderson C, Hafen R, Sofrygin O, Ryan L, and members of the HBGDki Community (KH Brown cited as a member of HBGDki community). Comparing predictive abilities of longitudinal growth models. Stats in Med 38: 3555-70. doi: 10.1002/sim.7

Barffour MA, Hinnouho GM, Wessells KR, Kounnavong S, Ratsavong K, Sitthideth D, Bounheuang B, Sengnam K, Chanhthavong B, Arnold CD, Brown KH, Larson CP, Hess SY. Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laotian children: A randomized controlled trial. J Glob Health. 2020 Jun;10(1):010424. doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.010424.

Barney DE, Olson CI, Brown KH, Hennigar SR. An organic matrix to improve the bioavailability and sensory properties of micronutrient fortificants - Commentary. J Nutr. 2020 May 1;150(5):981-982. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa084.

Engle-Stone R, Vosti SA, Luo H, Kagin J, Tarini A, Adams KP, French C, and Brown KH. Weighing the Risks of High Intakes of Selected Micronutrients Compared with the Risks of Deficiencies.  Special Issue: Risk of Excessive Intake of Vitamins and Minerals Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2019; 1446 (1): 81-101.

Hess SY, Wessells KR, Hinnouho GM, Barffour MA, Sanchaisuriya K, Arnold CD, Brown KH, Larson CP, Fucharoen S, Kounnavong S. Iron status and inherited haemoglobin disorders modify the effects of micronutrient powders on linear growth and morbidity among young Lao children in a double-blind randomised trial. Br J Nutr. 2019 Oct 28;122(8):895-909. doi: 10.1017/S0007114519001715.

Isanaka S, Barnhart DA, McDonald CM, Ackatia-Armah RS, Kupka R, Doumbia S, Brown KH, Menzies NA.  Cost-effectiveness of community-based screening and treatment of moderate acute malnutrition in Mali. BMJ Global Health 2019 Apr 28;4(2): e001227. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001227. Epub 2019.

Kewcharoenwong C, Schuster GU, Wessells KR, Hinnouho GM, Barffour MA, Kounnavong S, Brown KH, Hess SY, Samer W, Tussakhon I, Peerson JM, Lertmemongkolchai G, Stephensen. Daily Preventive Zinc Supplementation Decreases Lymphocyte and Eosinophil Concentrations in Rural Laotian Children from Communities with a High Prevalence of Zinc Deficiency: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. CB. J Nutr. 2020 Aug 1;150(8):2204-2213. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa03.

McDonald CM, Ackatia-Armah RS, Doumbia S, Kupka R, Duggan CP, Brown KH. The effects of dietary supplements on the body composition of young Malian children with moderate acute malnutrition. J Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;149(6):1089-1096. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz037.

McDonald CM, Suchdev PS, Krebs NF, Hess SY, Wessells KR, Ismaily S, Rahman S, Wieringa FT, Williams AM, Brown KH, King JC. Adjusting plasma or serum zinc concentrations for inflammation: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 1;111(4):927-937. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz304.

Neufeld LM, Larson LM, Kurpad A, Mburu S, Martorell R, Brown KH. Hemoglobin concentration and anemia diagnosis in venous and capillary blood: biological basis and policy implications. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019 Aug;1450(1):172-189. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14139. Epub 2019 Jun 2013.

Vosti SA, Kagin J, Engle-Stone R, Luo H, Tarini A, Clermont A, Assiene JG, Nankap M, Brown KH. Strategies to achieve adequate vitamin A intake for young children: options for Cameroon. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020 Apr;1465(1):161-180. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14275. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Wessells KR, Brown KH, Arnold CD, Barffour MA, Hinnouho GM, Killilea DW, Kounnavong S, Hess SY. Plasma and Nail Zinc Concentrations, But Not Hair Zinc, Respond Positively to Two Different Forms of Preventive Zinc Supplementation in Young Laotian Children: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020 Apr 30. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02163-2. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Zyba SJ, Wegmüller R, Woodhouse LR, Ceesay K, Prentice AM, Brown KH, Wessells KR. Effect of exogenous phytase added to small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) on the fractional and total absorption of zinc from a millet-based porridge consumed with SQ-LNS in young Gambian children: a randomized controlled trial.  Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Dec 1;110(6):1465-1475. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz205.

Engle-Stone R, Perkins A, Clermont A, Walker N, Haskell MJ, Vosti SA, Brown KH. Estimating Lives Saved by Achieving Dietary Micronutrient Adequacy, with a Focus on Vitamin A Intervention Programs in Cameroon. J Nutr. 2017 Sep 13. pii: jn242271. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Williams TN, Nankap M, Ndjebayi A, Gimou MM, Oyono Y, Tarini A, Brown KH, Green R. Prevalence of Inherited Hemoglobin Disorders and Relationships with Anemia and Micronutrient Status among Children in Yaoundé and Douala, Cameroon. Nutrients. 2017 Jul 3;9(7). pii: E693. [PubMed]

Ouédraogo CT, Becquey E, Wilson SE, Prince L, Ouédraogo A, Rouamba N, Ouédraogo JB, Vosti SA, Brown KH, Hess SY. Factors Affecting the Validity of Coverage Survey Reports of Receipt of Vitamin A Supplements During Child Health Days in Southwestern Burkina Faso. Food Nutr Bull. 2016 Sep 7. pii: 0379572116666167. [PubMed] 

Becquey E, Ouédraogo CT, Hess SY, Rouamba N, Prince L, Ouédraogo JB, Vosti SA, Brown KH. Comparison of Preventive and Therapeutic Zinc Supplementation in Young Children in Burkina Faso: A Cluster-Randomized, Community-Based Trial. J Nutr. 2016 Aug 3. pii: jn230128. [PubMed]

Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, Arimond M, Ashorn P, Ashorn U, Brown KH, Hess SY, Lartey A, Maleta K, Ocansey E, Ouédraogo JB, Phuka J, Somé JW, Vosti SA, Yakes Jimenez E, Dewey KG. Linear Growth and Child Development in Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Malawi. Pediatrics. 2016 Aug;138(2). pii: e20154698. [PubMed]

Tanumihardjo SA, Mokhtar N, Haskell MJ, Brown KH. Assessing the Safety of Vitamin A Delivered Through Large-Scale Intervention Programs: Workshop Report on Setting the Research Agenda. Food Nutr Bull. 2016 Jun;37(2 Suppl):S63-74. [PubMed]

Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Yakes Jimenez E, Somé JW, Dewey KG, Brown KH, Hess SY. Effects of an intervention on infant growth and development: evidence for different mechanisms at work. Matern Child Nutr. 2016 May 4. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Abbeddou S, Yakes Jimenez E, Ouédraogo JB, Brown KH. Iodine status of young Burkinabe children receiving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements and iodised salt: a cluster-randomised trial. Br J Nutr. 2015 Dec;114(11):1829-37. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Engle-Stone R, Kagin J, Rettig E, Vosti SA. Use of Optimization Modeling for Selecting National Micronutrient Intervention Strategies: An Example Based on Potential Programs for Control of Vitamin A Deficiency in Cameroon. Food Nutr Bull. 2015 Sep;36(Suppl 3):S141-8. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Nankap M, Ndjebayi AO, Vosti SA, Brown KH.  Estimating the Effective Coverage of Programs to Control Vitamin A Deficiency and Its Consequences Among Women and Young Children in Cameroon. Food Nutr Bull. 2015 Sep;36(Suppl 3):S149-71. [PubMed]

Vosti SA, Kagin J, Engle-Stone R, Brown KH. An Economic Optimization Model for Improving the Efficiency of Vitamin A Interventions: An Application to Young Children in Cameroon. Food Nutr Bull. 2015 Sep;36(Suppl 3):S193-207. [PubMed]

Kagin J, Vosti SA, Engle-Stone R, Rettig E, Brown KH, Nankap M, Ndjebayi A. Measuring the Costs of Vitamin A Interventions: Institutional, Spatial, and Temporal Issues in the Context of Cameroon. Food Nutr Bull. 2015 Sep;36(Suppl 3):S172-92. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Abbeddou S, Jimenez EY, Somé JW, Vosti SA, Ouédraogo ZP, Guissou RM, Ouédraogo JB, Brown KH. Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements, regardless of their zinc content, increase growth and reduce the prevalence of stunting and wasting in young burkinabe children: a cluster-randomized trial. PL.S One. 2015 Mar 27;10(3):e0122242. [PubMed]

Arsenault JE, Hijmans R, Brown KH. Improving nutrition security through agriculture: an analytical framework based on national food balance sheets to estimate nutritional adequacy of food supplies. Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food. 2015 June;7(3):693-707. [Article]

Ackatia-Armah RS, McDonald CM, Doumbia S, Erhardt JG, Hamer DH, Brown KH. Malian children with moderate acute malnutrition who are treated with lipid-based dietary supplements have greater weight gains and recovery rates than those treated with locally produced cereal-legume products: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Mar;101(3):632-45. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Hess SY, Ouédraogo ZP, Rouamba N, Ouédraogo JB, Brown KH. Asymptomatic malaria infection affects the interpretation of biomarkers of iron and vitamin A status, even after adjusting for systemic inflammation, but does not affect plasma zinc concentrations among young children in Burkina Faso. J Nutr. 2014 Dec;144(12):2050-8. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Nankap M, Ndjebayi AO, Brown KH. Simulations based on representative 24-h recall data predict region-specific differences in adequacy of vitamin A intake among Cameroonian women and young children following large-scale fortification of vegetable oil and other potential food vehicles. J Nutr. 2014 Nov;144(11):1826-34. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, King JC, Brown KH. Development of a plasma zinc concentration cutoff to identify individuals with severe zinc deficiency based on results from adults undergoing experimental severe dietary zinc restriction and individuals with acrodermatitis enteropathica. J Nutr. 2014 Aug;144(8):1204-10. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Ndjebayi AO, Nankap M, Killilea DW, Brown KH. Stunting prevalence, plasma zinc concentrations, and dietary zinc intakes in a nationally representative sample suggest a high risk of zinc deficiency among women and young children in Cameroon. J Nutr. 2014 Mar;144(3):382-91. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Haskell MJ, Nankap M, Ndjebayi AO, Brown KH. Breast milk retinol and plasma retinol-binding protein concentrations provide similar estimates of vitamin A deficiency prevalence and identify similar risk groups among women in Cameroon but breast milk retinol underestimates the prevalence of deficiency among young children. J Nutr. 2014 Feb;144(2):209-17. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Hess SY, Vosti SA, Baker SK. Comparison of the estimated cost-effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic zinc supplementation strategies for reducing child morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Food Nutr Bull. 2013 Jun;34(2):199-214. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Hess SY, Rouamba N, Ouedraogo ZP, Kellogg M, Goto R, Duggan C, Ouedraogo JB, Brown KH. Associations between intestinal mucosal function and changes in plasma zinc concentration following zinc supplementation. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 2013;57(3):348-55. [PubMed]

Islam MM, Woodhouse LR, Hossain MB, Ahmed T, Huda MN, Ahmed T, Peerson JM, Hotz C, Brown KH. Total zinc absorption from a diet containing either conventional rice or higher-zinc rice does not differ among Bangladeshi preschool children. J Nutr 2013;143(4):519-25. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Brown KH, Sablah M, Engle-Stone R, Aaron GJ, Baker SK. Results of Fortification Rapid Assessment Tool (FRAT) surveys in sub-Saharan Africa and suggestions for future modifications of the survey instrument. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 2013;34(1):21-38.[PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Nankap M, Ndjebayi AO, Erhardt JG, Brown KH. Plasma ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations and body iron stores identify similar risk factors for iron deficiency but result in different estimates of the national prevalence of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia among women and children in Cameroon. J Nutr 2013;143(3):369-77. [PubMed]

Arsenault JE, Yakes EA, Islam MM, Hossain MB, Ahmed T, Hotz C, Lewis B, Rahman AS, Jamil KM, Brown KH. Very low adequacy of micronutrient intakes by young children and women in rural Bangladesh is primarily explained by low food intake and limited diversity. J Nutr 2013;143(2):197-203. [PubMed]

Arimond M, Zeilani M, Jungjohann S, Brown KH, Ashorn P, Allen LH, Dewey KG. Considerations in developing lipid-based nutrient supplements for prevention of undernutrition: experience from the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS) Project. Maternal & child nutrition 2013. [PubMed]

Wilson SE, Ouedraogo CT, Prince L, Ouedraogo A, Hess SY, Rouamba N, Ouedraogo JB, Vosti SA, Brown KH. Caregiver recognition of childhood diarrhea, care seeking behaviors and home treatment practices in rural Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional survey. PloS one 2012;7(3):e33273. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Singh GM, Brown KH. Estimating the global prevalence of inadequate zinc intake from national food balance sheets: effects of methodological assumptions. Pl.S one 2012;7(11):e50565. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Ouedraogo ZP, Rouamba N, Hess SY, Ouedraogo JB, Brown KH. Short-term zinc supplementation with dispersible tablets or zinc sulfate solution yields similar positive effects on plasma zinc concentration of young children in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial. The Journal of pediatrics 2012;160(1):129-35 e3. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Brown KH. Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting. PloS one 2012;7(11):e50568. [PubMed]

Satoh T, Yamada Y, Muro K, Hayashi H, Shimada Y, Takahari D, Taku K, Nakajima TE, Shi X, Brown KH, Boku N. Phase I study of cediranib in combination with cisplatin plus fluoropyrimidine (S-1 or capecitabine) in Japanese patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 2012;69(2):439-46. [PubMed]

Jamil KM, Brown KH, Jamil M, Peerson JM, Keenan AH, Newman JW, Haskell MJ. Daily consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potato for 60 days increased plasma beta-carotene concentration but did not increase total body vitamin A pool size in Bangladeshi women. J Nutr 2012;142(10):1896-902. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Ndjebayi AO, Nankap M, Brown KH. Consumption of potentially fortifiable foods by women and young children varies by ecological zone and socio-economic status in Cameroon. J Nutr 2012;142(3):555-65. [PubMed]

Yakes EA, Arsenault JE, Munirul Islam M, Hossain MB, Ahmed T, Bruce German J, Gillies LA, Shafiqur Rahman A, Drake C, Jamil KM, Lewis BL, Brown KH. Intakes and breast-milk concentrations of essential fatty acids are low among Bangladeshi women with 24-48-month-old children. The British Journal of Nutrition 2011;105(11):1660-70. [PubMed]

Yakes EA, Arsenault JE, Islam MM, Ahmed T, German JB, Drake C, Hossain MB, Lewis BL, Rahman AS, Jamil KM, Brown KH. Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids among breast-feeding and non-breast-feeding 24- to 48-month-old children in Bangladesh. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2011;52(3):351-9. [PubMed]

Wuehler SE, Hess SY, Brown KH. Situational analysis of infant and young child nutrition activities in the Sahel--executive summary. Maternal & Child Nutrition 2011;7 Suppl 1:1-5. [PubMed]

Wuehler SE, Hess SY, Brown KH. Accelerating improvements in nutritional and health status of young children in the Sahel region of Sub-Saharan Africa: review of international guidelines on infant and young child feeding and nutrition. Maternal & Child Nutrition 2011;7 Suppl 1:6-34. [PubMed]

Nyirandutiye DH, Ag Iknane A, Fofana A, Brown KH. Screening for acute childhood malnutrition during the National Nutrition Week in mali increases treatment referrals. Pl.S one 2011;6(6):e14818. [PubMed]

Lonnerdal B, Mendoza C, Brown KH, Rutger JN, Raboy V. Zinc absorption from low phytic acid genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) assessed in a suckling rat pup model. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2011;59(9):4755-62. [PubMed]

Lo NB, Aaron GJ, Hess SY, Dossou NI, Guiro AT, Wade S, Brown KH. Plasma zinc concentration responds to short-term zinc supplementation, but not zinc fortification, in young children in Senegal1,2. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2011;93(6):1348-55. [PubMed]

Hossain MI, Nahar B, Hamadani JD, Ahmed T, Brown KH. Effects of community-based follow-up care in managing severely underweight children. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2011;53(3):310-9. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Bado L, Aaron GJ, Ouedraogo JB, Zeilani M, Brown KH. Acceptability of zinc-fortified, lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) prepared for young children in Burkina Faso. Maternal & child nutrition 2011;7(4):357-67. [PubMed]

Haskell MJ, Jamil KM, Peerson JM, Wahed MA, Brown KH. The paired deuterated retinol dilution technique can be used to estimate the daily vitamin A intake required to maintain a targeted whole body vitamin A pool size in men. J Nutr 2011;141(3):428-32. [PubMed]

Engle-Stone R, Haskell MJ, Ndjebayi AO, Nankap M, Erhardt JG, Gimou MM, Brown KH. Plasma retinol-binding protein predicts plasma retinol concentration in both infected and uninfected Cameroonian women and children. J Nutr 2011;141(12):2233-41. [PubMed]

Aaron GJ, Ba Lo N, Hess SY, Guiro AT, Wade S, Brown KH. Plasma zinc concentration increases within 2 weeks in healthy Senegalese men given liquid supplemental zinc, but not zinc-fortified wheat bread. J Nutr 2011;141(7):1369-74. [PubMed]

Wessells KR, Jorgensen JM, Hess SY, Woodhouse LR, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Plasma zinc concentration responds rapidly to the initiation and discontinuation of short-term zinc supplementation in healthy men. J Nutr 2010;140(12):2128-33. [PubMed]

Hossain MI, Nahar B, Hamadani JD, Ahmed T, Roy AK, Brown KH. Intestinal mucosal permeability of severely underweight and nonmalnourished Bangladeshi children and effects of nutritional rehabilitation. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2010;51(5):638-44. [PubMed]

Brown KH, McLachlan M, Cardosa P, Tchibindat F, Baker SK. Strengthening public health nutrition research and training capacities in West Africa: Report of a planning workshop convened in Dakar, Senegal, 26-28 March 2009. Global public health 2010;5 Suppl 1:S1-19. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Hambidge KM, Ranum P. Zinc fortification of cereal flours: current recommendations and research needs. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 2010;31(1 Suppl):S62-74. [PubMed]

Arsenault JE, Yakes EA, Hossain MB, Islam MM, Ahmed T, Hotz C, Lewis B, Rahman AS, Jamil KM, Brown KH. The current high prevalence of dietary zinc inadequacy among children and women in rural Bangladesh could be substantially ameliorated by zinc biofortification of rice. J Nutr 2010;140(9):1683-90. [PubMed]

Song Y, Chung CS, Bruno RS, Traber MG, Brown KH, King JC, Ho E. Dietary zinc restriction and repletion affects DNA integrity in healthy men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009;90(2):321-8. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Nyirandutiye DH, Jungjohann S. Management of children with acute malnutrition in resource-poor settings. Nature Reviews Endocrinology 2009;5(11):597-603. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Engle-Stone R, Krebs NF, Peerson JM. Dietary intervention strategies to enhance zinc nutrition: Promotion and support of breast feeding for infants and young children. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30: S144-S171. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Brown KH. Impact of zinc fortification on zinc nutrition. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30: S79-S107.

Brown KH, Peerson JM, Baker SK, Hess SY. Preventive zinc supplementation among infants, pre-schoolers, and older pre-pubertal children. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30: S12-S40. [PubMed]

Hess SY, Lönnerdal B, Hotz C, Rivera JA, Brown KH. Recent advances in knowledge on zinc nutrition and human health. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30:S5-S11. [PubMed]

Islam MM, Khatun M, Peerson JM, Ahmed T, Mollah MAH, Dewey KG, Brown KH. Effects of energy density and feeding frequency of complementary foods on total daily energy intakes and consumption of breast milk by healthy, breastfed Bangladeshi children. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:84-94. [PubMed]

Chung CS, Stookey J, Dare D, Welch R, Nguyen TQ, Roehl R, Peerson JM, King JC, Brown KH. Current dietary zinc intake has greater impact on fractional zinc absorption than longer-term zinc consumption in healthy adult men. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: 1224-1229. [PubMed]

Wuehler SE, Sempértegui F, Brown KH. Dose-response trial of prophylactic zinc supplements, with or without copper, in young Ecuadorian children at risk of zinc deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87: 723-733. [PubMed]

Arsenault JE, López de Romaña D, Penny ME, Van Loan MD, Brown KH. Additional zinc delivered in a liquid supplement, but not a fortified porridge, increased fat-free mass accrual among young Peruvian children with mild-to-moderate stunting. J Nutr 2008; 138: 108-114. [PubMed]

Adu-Afarwuah S, Lartey A, Brown KH, Zlotkin S, Briend A, Dewey KG. Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: effects on growth and motor development. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86:412-20. [PubMed]

Graham JM, Haskell MJ, Pandey P, Shrestha RK, Brown KH, Allen LH. Supplementation with iron and riboflavin enhances dark adaptation response to vitamin A-fortified rice in iron-deficient, pregnant, nightblind Nepali women. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:1375-84. [PubMed]

Brown KH, López de Romaña DL, Arsenault JE, Peerson JM, Penny ME. Comparison of the effects of zinc delivered in a fortified food or a liquid supplement on the growth, morbidity, and plasma zinc concentrations of young Peruvian children. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:538-47. [PubMed]

Islam MM, Peerson JM, Ahmed T, Dewey KG, Brown KH. Effects of varied energy density of complementary foods on breast-milk intakes and total energy consumption by healthy, breastfed Bangladeshi children. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83:851-858. [PubMed]

Lopez de Romaña D, Salazar M, Hambidge KM, Penny ME, Peerson JM, Krebs N, Brown KH. Longitudinal measurements of zinc absorption by Peruvian children consuming wheat products fortified with iron only or iron and one of two levels of zinc. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81:637-647. [PubMed]

Haskell MJ, Pandey P, Graham JM, Peerson JM, Shrestha RK, Brown KH. Recovery from impaired dark adaptation in nightblind pregnant Nepali women who receive small doses of vitamin A as amaranth leaves, carrots, goat liver, vitamin A-fortified Ultra-riceTM or retinyl palmitate. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81:461-471. [PubMed]

Dewey KG, Hawck MG, Brown KH, Lartey A, Cohen RJ, Peerson JM. Infant weight-for-length is positively associated with subsequent linear growth across four different populations. Mat Child Nutr 2005; 1:11-20. [PubMed]

Haskell MJ, Jamil KM, Hassan F, Peerson JM, Hossain, MI, Fuchs GJ, Brown KH. Daily consumption of Indian Spinach (Basella alba) or sweet potatoes has a positive impact on total body vitamin A stores of Bangladeshi men. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80:705-714. [PubMed]

Hotz C, Brown KH (eds.). Assessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control. Food Nutr Bull 2004;25:S94. [PubMed]

Penny ME, Marin RM, Duran A, Peerson JM, Lanata CF, Lnnerdal B, Black RE, Brown, KH. Randomized, controlled trial of the effect of daily supplementation with zinc or multiple micronutrients on morbidity, growth, and micronutrient status of young, Peruvian children. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:457-465. [PubMed]

Arsenault JE, Brown KH. Zinc intake of US preschool children exceeds new dietary reference intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:1011-1017. [PubMed]

Hotz C, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Suggested lower cutoffs of serum zinc concentrations for assessing zinc status: reanalysis of the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (1976-1980). Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:756-764. [PubMed]

Lopez de Romaña, D, Lönnerdal B, Brown, KH. Absorption of zinc from wheat products fortified with iron and either zinc sulfate or zinc oxide. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78:279-283. [PubMed]

Dewey KG, Brown KH. Update on technical issues concerning complementary feeding of young children in developing countries and implications for intervention programs. Food Nutr 2003; Bull 24:5-28. [PubMed]

Haskell MJ, Lembcke JL, Salazar M, Green MH, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Population-based plasma kinetics of an oral dose of [2H4] retinyl acetate among preschool-aged, Peruvian children 1-3. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77:681-686. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Peerson JM, Rivera J, Allen LH. Effect of supplemental zinc on the growth and serum zinc concentrations of prepubertal children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75:1062–1071. [PubMed]

Brown KH. A rational approach to feeding infants and young children with acute diarrhea. In: Lifschitz CH, ed, Pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition in clinical practice. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2001.

Rivera JA, Gonzalez-Cossio T., Flores M, Romero M, Rivera M, Tellez-Rojo MM, Rosada JL, Brown KH. Multiple micronutrient supplementation increases the growth of Mexican infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74: 657-664. [PubMed]

Zinc Investigators' Collaborative Group (Bhuta ZA, Bird SM, Black RE, Brown KH,

Gardner JM, Hidayat A, Khatun F, Martorell R, Ninh NX, Penny ME, Rosado JL, Roy SK, Ruel M, Sazawal S, Shankar A). Therapeutic effects of oral zinc in acute and persistent diarrhea in children in developing countries: pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72(6): 1516-1522. [PubMed]

Cohen RJ, Brown KH, Rivera LL, Dewey KG. Exclusively breastfed, low birthweight term infants do not need supplemental water. Acta Paediatr 2000;89:550-552. [PubMed]

Zinc Investigators’ Collaborative Group (Bhutta ZA, Black RE, Brown KH, Meeks-Gardner J, Gore S, Hidayat A, Khatun F, Martorell R, Ninh NX, Penny ME, Rosado JL, Roy SK, Ruel M, Sazawal S, Shankar A). Prevention of diarrhea and pneumonia by zinc supplementation in children in developing countries: Pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr 1999;135: 689-97. [PubMed]

Dewey KG, Cohen RJ, Brown KH, Rivera LL. Age of introduction of complementary foods and growth of term, low-birth-weight, breast-fed infants: a randomized intervention study in Honduras. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:679-86. [PubMed]

Haskell MJ, Mazumder RN, Peerson JM, Jones AD, Wahed MA, Mahalanabis D, Brown, KH. Use of the deuterated-retinol technique to assess total-body vitamin A stores of adult volunteers consuming different amounts of vitamin A. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:874-880. [PubMed]

Penny ME, Peerson JM, Marin RM, Duran A, Lanata CF, Lönnerdal B, Black RE, Brown KH. Randomized, community-based trial of the effect of zinc supplementation, with and without other micronutrients, on the duration of persistent childhood diarrhea in Lima, Peru. J Pediatr 1999;135(2):208-217. [PubMed]

Bennett VA, Morales E, Gonzalez J, Peerson JM, Lopez de Romana G , Brown KH. Effects of dietary viscosity and energy density on total daily energy consumption by young Peruvian children. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:285-291. [PubMed]

Kimmons JE, Brown KH, Lartey A, Collison E, Mensah PPA, Dewey KG. The effects of fermentation and/or vacuum flask storage on the presence of coliforms in complementary foods prepared for Ghanaian children. J Food Sci & Nutr 1999;50:195-201. [PubMed]

Goto K, Chew F, Torun B, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Epidemiology of altered intestinal permeability to lactulose and mannitol in Guatemalan infants. J Pediatr Gastroentol Nutr 1999;28:282-290. [PubMed]

Mendoza C, Viteri FE, Lönnerdal B, Young KA, Raboy V, Brown KH. Effect of genetically modified low-phytate maize on absorption of iron from tortilla. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:1123-1127. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Dewey KG, Allen LH. Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries: A Review of Current Scientific Knowledge. World Health Organization (WHO/NUT/98.1), Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.

Haskell MJ, Islam MA, Handelman GJ, Peerson JM, Jones AD, Wahed MA, Mahalanabis D, Brown KH. Plasma kinetics of an oral dose of [2H4]-retinyl acetate in human subjects with estimated low or high total body stores of vitamin A. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:90-5. [PubMed]

Rivera JA, Ruel MT, Santizo M-C, Brown KH, Lönnerdal B. Zinc supplementation improves the growth of stunted rural Guatemalan infants. J Nutr 1998;128:556-62. [PubMed]

Allen LH, Brown KH, Coccodrilli G, Habicht J-P, Klein BP, McCabe GP, Rogers BL, Ruel MT. Committee on International Nutrition, Food and Nutrition Board, Board on International Health, Institute of Medicine. Vitamin C Fortification of Food Aid Commodities, Final Report. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1997.

Haskell MJ, Handleman GJ, Peerson JM, Jones AD, Atai Rabbi M, Awal MA, Wahed MA, Mahalanabis D, Brown KH. Assessment of vitamin A status by the deuterated-retinol-dilution technique and comparison with hepatic vitamin A concentration in Bangladeshi surgical patients. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997;66:67-74. [PubMed]

Ruel MT, Rivera JA, Santizo M-C, Lönnerdal B, Brown KH. Impact of zinc supplementation on morbidity from diarrhea and respiratory infections among rural Guatemalan children. Pediatrics 1997;99:808-813. [PubMed]

Ruel MT, Dewey KG, Martínez, Flores R, Brown KH. Validation of single daytime samples of human milk to estimate the 24-h concentration of lipids in urban Guatemalan mothers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997;65:439-44. [PubMed]

Ashraf H, Bhan MK, Bhatnagar S, Bhutta Z, Brown KH, Dung PT, Fontaine O, Garcia Aranda JA, Issani Z, Ly DT, Mahalanabis D, Mitra AK, Molla AM, Nizami SQ, Nurko S, Penny M, Singh KD, Snyder JD, Thanh PN, Thobani S, Verne E. International Working Group on Persistent Diarrhoea. Evaluation of an algorithm for the treatment of persistent diarrhoea: a multicentre study. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 1996;74: 479-489. [PubMed]

Graham GG, MacLean WC, Brown KH, Morales E, Lembcke J, Gastañaduy A. Protein requirements of infants and children: growth during recovery from malnutrition. Pediatrics 1996;97:499-505. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Peerson JM, Lopez de Romaña G, Creed de Kanashiro, Black RE. Validity and epidemiology of reported poor appetite among Peruvian infants from a low-income, periurban community. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:26-32. [PubMed]

Committee on International Nutrition, Food and Nutrition Board, Board on International Health, Institute of Medicine. Estimated mean per capita energy requirements for planning emergency food rations. Washington DC, National Academy Press, pp 1-31, 1995.

Piwoz EG, Creed de Kanashiro H, Lopez de Romaña G, Black RE, Brown KH. Potential for misclassification of infants’ usual feeding practices using 24-hour dietary assessment method. J Nutr 1995;125:57-65. [PubMed]

Zavaleta N, Lanata C, Butron B, Peerson JM, Brown KH, Lönnerdal B. Effect of acute maternal infection on quantity and composition of breast milk. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:559-563. [PubMed]

Dewey KG, Peerson JM, Brown KH, Krebs NF, Michaelsen KF, Persson LA, Salmenpera L, Whitehead RG, Yeung DL. Growth of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: a pooled analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets. Pediatrics 1995;96:495-503. [PubMed]

Molina S, Vettorazzi C, Peerson JM, Solomons NW, Brown KH. Clinical trial of glucose-oral rehydration solution (ORS), rice dextrin-ORS, and rice flour-ORS for the management of children with acute diarrhea and mild or moderate dehydration. Pediatrics 1995;92:191-197. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Sanchez-Griñan M, Perez F, Peerson JM, Ganoza L, Stern JS. Effects of dietary energy density and feeding frequency on total daily energy intakes by recovering malnourished children. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:13-18. [PubMed]

Schroeder DG, Brown KH. Nutritional status as a predictor of child survival: summarizing the association and quantifying its global impact. Bull WHO 1994;72:569-579. [PubMed]

Grange AO, Santosham M, Ayodele B, Lesi A, Stallings RY, Brown KH. Evaluation of a maize-cowpea-palm oil diet for the dietary management of Nigerian children with acute, watery diarrhea. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:825-832. [PubMed]

Piwoz EG, Lopez de Romaña G, Creed de Kanashiro H, Black RE, Brown KH. Indicators for monitoring the growth of Peruvian infants: weight and length gain vs attained weight and length. Am J Pub Hlth 1994;84:1132-1138. [PubMed]

Cohen RJ, Brown KH, Canahuati J, Rivera LL, Dewey KG. Effects of age of introduction of complementary foods on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: a randomized intervention study in Honduras. Lancet 1994;343:288-293. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Peerson JM, Fontaine O. Use of nonhuman milks in the dietary management of young children with acute diarrhea: a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Pediatrics 1994;93:17-27. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Lanata CL, Yuen ML, Peerson JM, Butron B, Lönnerdal B. Potential magnitude of the misclassification of a population's trace element status due to infection: example from a survey of young, Peruvian children. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;58:549-554. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Perez F, Peerson JM, Fadel J, Brunsgaard G, Ostrom KM, MacLean Jr WC. Effect of dietary fiber (soy polysaccharide) on the severity, duration, and nutritional outcome of acute, watery diarrhea in children. Pediatrics 1993;92:241-247. [PubMed]

Marquis GS, Lopez T, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Effect of dietary viscosity on energy intake by breast-fed and non-breast-fed children during and after acute diarrhea. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57:218-223. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Perez F, Gastañaduy AS. Clinical trial of modified whole milk, lactose-hydrolyzed whole milk, or cereal-milk mixtures for the dietary management of acute childhood diarrhea. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1991;12:340-350. [PubMed]

Saavedra JM, Brown KH. Use of a non-absorbable marker and single random stool samples to measure intestinal absorption of macronutrients in infants and children. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:790-794. [PubMed]

Brown KH, Stallings RY, Creed de Kanashiro H, Lopez de Romaña G, Black RE. Effects of common illnesses on infants' energy intakes from breast milk and other foods during longitudinal community-based studies in Huascar (Lima), Peru. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;52:1005-1013. [PubMed]